What must be done for state funds to be legally expended in Illinois?

For state funds to be legally expended in Illinois, they must be appropriated by law. This means that the allocation of funds is governed by a formal legislative process, which is essential for ensuring that public money is spent in accordance with established regulations and laws. Only through appropriations can legislative bodies review, modify, and authorize spending, ensuring transparency and accountability in the use of state resources.

The requirement for legal appropriation serves to maintain checks and balances within the state's financial management process. It underscores the principle that taxpayer dollars should only be spent on initiatives that have been debated and approved through a democratic process, which typically involves both houses of the General Assembly.

In contrast, approval by the governor, public opinion considerations, or judicial allocations do not encompass the full legislative process necessary for the legal expenditure of state funds. While the governor plays a role in budget proposals and can exercise veto power, the explicit authorization to spend public money rests fundamentally with the legislative appropriations, as established in the Illinois Constitution.