What is required for a local government to exercise home rule powers?

Local governments in Illinois can exercise home rule powers provided that they are granted this authority through a referendum vote by the residents of that locality. Home rule allows municipalities to govern themselves in certain areas without needing specific state legislation, enabling them to enact ordinances and regulations tailored to their unique needs and circumstances. This grassroots approach ensures that the decision to adopt home rule is made by the voters who will be directly affected by it, reinforcing democratic principles and local control.

Approval from the governor, a simple majority vote by the state legislature, or a petition by local officials do not grant home rule powers. Instead, they demonstrate processes or approvals that do not specifically pertain to the direct will of the people residing in the municipality. The requirement for a local referendum places the decision-making power in the hands of local citizens, thereby fostering community engagement and accountability.