How are vacancies in the General Assembly filled?

Vacancies in the General Assembly are filled through a process established in the Illinois Constitution, which allows for the appointment of a replacement by the Governor or through special elections. This system ensures that there is a prompt and effective way to fill a legislative vacancy without leaving a position unoccupied for an extended period, thereby maintaining the functionality of the legislative body.

When a vacancy occurs, the Governor can appoint an individual to serve until a special election can be held. This process helps to ensure that constituents continue to have representation and that the legislative work is not significantly hindered due to a lack of a full membership. The alternatives provided do not accurately capture the established methods in Illinois, as they either suggest a routine yearly election or rely on processes that do not involve the Governor's authority or special elections, which are the mechanisms specifically outlined in the state's constitutional framework.